Advanced Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Therapy ›› 2024, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (4): 183-194.doi: 10.37015/AUDT.2024.240062
• Review Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
Chen Yaa,b,c,1, Wang Xinqid,1, Chen Annia,1, Li Zhenyie, Yang Lanf, Li Zhaojung, Jin Line,*(), Wang Xifua,b,c,*(
)
Received:
2024-10-12
Accepted:
2024-12-28
Online:
2024-12-30
Published:
2024-11-12
Contact:
Jin Lin, Wang Xifu,
E-mail:jinlin205@163.com;wangxiechen001@163.com
About author:
First author contact:1 Ya Chen, Xinqi Wang, and Anni Chen contributed equally to this study.
Chen Ya, Wang Xinqi, Chen Anni, Li Zhenyi, Yang Lan, Li Zhaojun, Jin Lin, Wang Xifu. The Application and Research Progress of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in the Assessment of Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling. Advanced Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Therapy, 2024, 8(4): 183-194.
Table 1
Comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance techniques"
Categories | Measurement parameters | Advantages | Disadvantages | |
---|---|---|---|---|
RV | PA | |||
CMR-FT | RVGLS; RVGRS; RVGCS | SV; CO | Myocardial function assessment; Multi-parameter analysis | Technical complexity; High equipment requirements |
Cine-MRI | RVEF; RVEDV; RVESV | mPAD; mPAP | Structural imaging advantage; Accurate function assessment | Contrast agent use Limited temporal resolution |
PC-MRI | RVM; RVEDV; RVESV | PAP; PSV | Accurate blood flow measurement; Closely related to tissue characteristics | High technical requirements; Relatively low spatial resolution |
T1 mapping T2 mapping | T1;T2; ECV | TI; T2 | Fibrosis detection; Edema detection | Lower technical maturity; Limited clinical application |
Table 2
Comparison of cardiac imaging techniques"
Categories | Measurement parameters | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|---|
CMR | SV/ESV; GLS; GRS; GCS | The gold standard evaluating the structure and function of the right ventricle; Multi-parameter analysis | Limited availability; High cost |
CMR+P-V loop | Ees/Ea | Accurate assessment; Comprehensive analysis | Technical complexity; Invasiveness |
Echocardiography | TAPSE/PASP | Real-time dynamic assessment; Diverse functional assessment; | Relatively low repeatability; Affected by multiple factors |
RHC | PAP; RAP; CO; PAWP | The gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension; Direct measurement | Invasiveness; High technical requirements |
Figure 2
The representative T1 and T2 Maps in a healthy volunteer and a patient with PH. (A) The long-axial four-chamber T1 Map in a 42-year male healthy volunteer; (B) The long-axial four-chamber T1 Map in a 42-year male patient with PH; (C) the long-axial four-chamber T2 Map in a 42-year male healthy volunteer; (D) the long-axial four-chamber T2 Map in a 42-year male patient with PH [35]."
Figure 3
4D flow CMR visualisation of the pulmonary arteries from a healthy volunteer and a TOF patient. (A) Panel A shows flow patterns and flow velocities using colour-coded streamlines. The TOF patient shows dilatation of the main PA and clear areas of increased flow velocity and abnormal flow patterns; (B) Panel B shows a visual representation of the energy loss, a marker of efficiency of the circulation, within the pulmonary arteries. In healthy pulmonary arteries with normal flow patterns, only a minimal amount of energy loss is seen just before the bifurcation. For the TOF patient, increased levels of energy loss are seen, especially in the areas with non-laminar flow and increased velocity; (C) Panel C shows a visual representation of vorticity, a parameter describing the local flow rotation, in the pulmonary arteries. The TOF patients clearly has higher vorticity values compared to the healthy volunteer. Overall, the TOF patient shows abnormal flow patterns and clearly has a less efficient pulmonary circulation compared to the healthy volunteer [40]."
Figure 4
(A) The singular values obtained by singular value decomposition of the dictionary simulated according to the imaging and reconstruction parameters of the proposed 3D T1 mapping technique using Bloch simulation; (B) The singular value images corresponding to the 3 largest singular values in (A) reconstructed by direct back projection and HD‐PROST (high‐dimensionality 3D patch‐based undersampled reconstruction) algorithm [57]."
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