Morphology and Hemodynamic Characteristics of Internal Jugular Vein Hypoplasia and Relation with Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis

doi:10.37015/AUDT.2019.190807

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The characteristics of Internal jugular vein (IJV) morphology and hemodynamics of IJV hypoplasia have not been well illustrated.
Methods: Seventy-three cases with IJV hypoplasia diagnosed by MR and/or CT venous angiography and 126 healthy control were recruited. Ultrasound was performed to examine the J1-J3 segments of IJV. The diameter and mean flow volume (FVm) of bilateral IJV were compared. The linear regression of bilateral diameter ratio and FVm ratio were analyzed. The optimal cutoff values of diameter and flow volume of different segment of IJVs were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, the correlation between the IJV hypoplasia and cerebral venous sinus stenosis were analyzed.
Results: There were 91.8% (67/73) cases with left IJV hypoplasia. The diameter and FVm of hypoplasia IJV were lower than the contralateral side (P＜0.001). The bilateral J1 diameter ratio was linear correlation with the FVm ratio, with a coefficient 0.720. The optimal cut-off diameter ratio of J1-J3 hypoplasia/dominant side were 0.70, 0.80 and 0.75 respectively and the optimal cutoff FVm ratio of three segments were all 0.50. The side of IJV hypoplasia was highly correlated with the side of transverse sinus and/or sigmoid sinus stenosis with an overall coincidence rate of 68.5%.
Conclusion: The left IJV was vulnerable for hypoplasia. IJV hypoplasia was correlated with ipsilateral cerebral venous sinus stenosis. Ultrasound is a reliable modality for evaluating IJV hypoplasia.

Key words: Internal jugular vein; Hypoplasia; Ultrasound; Diameter; Flow volume; Cerebral venous sinus

Lingyun Jia, MD, Yang Hua, MD, Xunming Ji, MD, Kaiyuan Zhang, MD, Yu Tang, MD. Morphology and Hemodynamic Characteristics of Internal Jugular Vein Hypoplasia and Relation with Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenosis. Advanced Ultrasound in Diagnosis and Therapy, 2019, 3(2): 35-40.

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